The Efficacy of Psychotherapy
In therapeutic work, I use scientifically and empirically confirmed treatment approaches – psychodynamic psychotherapy and EMDR therapy. Today, based on experience in working with patients and many studies and meta-analyzes on the efficacy of psychotherapy, it is known that psychotherapy helps and heals. As Eric Kandel, a Nobel laureate, wrote, “psychotherapy is a biological treatment, a therapy for the brain. It results in (…) permanent, investigable, physical changes in the brain, as does the learning process. ” According to the data published in the prestigious Cochrane Library (Moncrieff, Wessely, & Hardy, 2004), psychotherapy brings about symptomatic improvement with a rate of effectiveness much higher than pharmacotherapy.
The Efficacy of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
In 2010, Jonathan Shedler collected and analyzed the results of many studies and meta-analyzes on the effectiveness of psychotherapy (Shedler J. Efficacy of psychodynamic psychotherapy: American Psychologist. Volume 65 (2), 98-109). Shedler’s analysis of the research results indicates the effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapy.
Studies supporting the efficacy of psychodynamic therapy span a range of conditions and populations. Randomized controlled trials support the efficacy of psychodynamic therapy for depression, anxiety, panic, somatoform disorders, eating disorders, substance-related disorders, and personality disorders (Leichsenring, 2005; Milrod et al., 2007). Furthermore, patients who receive psychodynamic therapy maintain therapeutic gains and appear to continue to improve after treatment ends.
According to Shedler, the goals of psychodynamic therapy include, but extend beyond, symptom remission. Successful treatment should not only relieve symptoms but also foster the positive presence of psychological capacities and resources. Depending on the person and the circumstances, these might include the capacity to have more fulfilling relationships, make more effective use of one’s talents and abilities, maintain a realistically based sense of self-esteem, tolerate a wider range of affect, have more satisfying sexual experiences, understand self and others in more nuanced and sophisti- cated ways, and face life’s challenges with greater freedom and flexibility. Such ends are pursued through a process of self-reflection, self-exploration, and self-discovery that takes place in the context of a safe and deeply authentic relationship between therapist and patient.
The Efficacy of EMDR Therapy
EMDR therapy is a comprehensive, structured, scientifically tested approach that integrates elements of various therapeutic schools. The first research results on EMDR therapy were published by Francine Shapiro in 1989 in the Journal of Traumatic Stress.
Since then, EMDR treatment approach has been empirically validated in over 30 randomized studies of trauma victims. An additional 25 studies have demonstrated positive effects for the eye movement component used in EMDR therapy.
Organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Psychiatric Association (APA) recommend it for people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).